Multithreading (computer architecture)
Multithreading aims to increase utilization of a single core by using thread-level as well as instruction-level parallelism
Instruction-level parallelism (ILP) is a measure of how many of the operations in a computer program can be performed simultaneously.
1. e = a + b
2. f = c + d
3. g = e * f
Operation 3 depends on the results of operations 1 and 2, so it cannot be calculated until both of them are completed. However, operations 1 and 2 do not depend on any other operation, so they can be calculated simultaneously.
Advantage of multithreading:
· concurrent execution : advantage of a multithreaded program allows it to operate faster on computer systems
· One main use of multithreading, for single-CPU systems, is the ability for an application to remain responsive to input.
Drawback of multithreading:
· Careless use of threading can cause deadlock. If two threads are accessing same resource at same time can cause deadlock.
Operating systems schedule threads in one of two ways:
1. Preemptive multithreading is generally considered the superior approach, as it allows the operating system to determine when a context switch should occur.
2. Cooperative multithreading, on the other hand, relies on the threads themselves to relinquish control once they are at a stopping point
Reference:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multithreading_(computer_architecture)
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